Motivation of Airbnb Host: Evidence From Pre-COVID Study In Sabah, Malaysia
Main Article Content
Keywords
Peer to peer accommodation, Airbnb, Host motivation, Pre-COVID-19
Abstract
Airbnb, or also known as peer-to-peer accommodation has gained popularity in the hospitality industry. By using an online platform to align a guest's different needs with a host, a unique customized accommodation experience can be created. The guest side on motivation, perception, and satisfaction in participating in this platform have been often investigated. This paper explores the host perspective on what motivates them to become Airbnb host in the context of Sabah, Malaysia. Qualitative approach was selected with semi-structured interview were conducted among 16 Airbnb host located all over the state, in a six-month pre-COVID period (late 2019 to early 2020). Transcriptions were coded, analyzed, and structured into qualitative narrations. Using a Social Exchange Theory, intrinsic factors such as social benefits, passion on learning new culture, enjoyment in receiving recognition were identified in motivating host to participate in Airbnb. Other includes, extrinsic motivation, such as economic and monetary reasons. The findings provide insight into the host viewpoint, resulting in outcomes that can be used to draw more hosts that can provide a high-quality experience for guests in the future. At the same time, the research results are expected to contribute to sustainability of the peer-to-peer accommodation platform. Furthermore, this study recommends having a comparative study pre vs post COVID period to explore the motivations factors that could be affected by the pandemic.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abdar, M., & Yen, N. Y. (2017). Sharing economy and its effect on human behaviour changes in
accommodation: a survey on Airbnb. Int. J. Social and Humanistic Computing , 2. doi:
10.1504/IJSHC.2017.10005730
Adamiak, C. (2019). Current state and development of Airbnb accommodation offer in 167 countries.
Current Issues in Tourism, 1–19. doi: 10.1080/13683500.2019.1696758
Airbnb. (2021). What is Superhost? . Retrieved from: https://www.airbnb.com/help/article/828/whatis-
a-superhost
Airbnb Newsroom. (2021). About us. Retrieved from: https://news.airbnb.com/about-us/
Amaro, S., Andreu, L., & Huang, S. (2019). Millenials’ intentions to book on Airbnb. Current Issues in
Tourism, 22(18), 2284–2298. doi: 10.1080/13683500.2018.1448368
Andereck, K. L., & Vogt, C. A. (2000). The relationship between residents’ attitudes toward tourism and
tourism development options. Journal of Travel Research, 39(1), 27–36. doi:
10.1177/004728750003900104
Avital, M., Andersson, M., Nickerson, J., Sundararajan, A., van Alstyne, M., & Verhoeven, D. (2014). The
collaborative economy: A disruptive innovation or much ado about nothing? 35th International
Conference on Information Systems Building a Better World Through Information Systems, ICIS
2014, June 2018, 1–7.
Basuroy, S., Kim, Y., & Proserpio, D. (2020). Estimating the impact of Airbnb on the local economy:
Evidence from the restaurant industry. Working Paper. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3516983
Bellotti, V., Cambridge, S., Hoy, K., Shih, P. C., Handalian, L., Han, K., & Carroll, J. M. (2014). Towards
community-centered support for peer-to-peer service exchange: Rethinking the timebanking
metaphor. Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings, April, 2975–2984.
doi: 10.1145/2556288.2557061
Benabou, R., & Tirole, J. (2003). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Review of Economic Studies, 70,
489–520. doi: 10.1111/1467-937x.00253
Bimonte, S., & Punzo, L. F. (2016). Tourist development and host-guest interaction: An economic
exchange theory. Annals of Tourism Research, 58, 128–139. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2016.03.004
Boateng, H., Kosiba, J. P. B., & Okoe, A. F. (2019). Determinants of consumers’ participation in the
sharing economy: A social exchange perspective within an emerging economy context. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(2), 718–733. doi:
10.1108/IJCHM-11-2017-0731
Boecker, L., & Meelen, T. (2016). Sharing for people, planet or profit? Analysing motivations for
intended sharing economy participation. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 23,
29–39. doi: 10.1016/j.eist.2016.09.004
Capistrano, R. C., & Weaver, A. (2017). Host-guest interactions between first-generation immigrants
and their visiting relatives: social exchange, relations of care and travel. International Journal of
Culture, Tourism, and Hospitality Research, 11(3), 406–420. doi: 10.1108/IJCTHR-11-2016-0115
Carroll, J. M., & Bellotti, V. (2015). Creating value together: The emerging design space of peer-To-peer
currency and exchange. CSCW 2015 - Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Conference on
Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing, 1500–1510. doi:
10.1145/2675133.2675270
Chen, G., Cheng, M., Edwards, D., & Xu, L. (2021). COVID-19 pandemic exposes the vulnerability of the
sharing economy: A novel accounting framework. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 1-18. doi:
10.1080/09669582.2020.1868484
Chen, R. (2013). Member use of social networking sites - An empirical examination. Decision Support
Systems, 54(3), 1219–1227. doi: 10.1016/j.dss.2012.10.028
Cheng, M. (2016). Sharing economy: A review and agenda for future research. International Journal of
Hospitality Management, 57, 60–70. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2016.06.003
Cheshire, C., Gerbasi, A., & Cook, K. S. (2010). Trust and transitions in modes of exchange. Social
Psychology Quarterly, 73(2), 176–195. doi: 10.1177/0190272509359615
Chica-Olmo, J., González-Morales, J. G., & Zafra-Gómez, J. L. (2020). Effects of location on Airbnb
apartment pricing in Málaga. Tourism Management, 77, 1–13. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2019.103981
Choi, K.-H., Jung, J., Ryu, S., Kim, S.-D., & Yoon, S.-M. (2015). The relationship between Airbnb and the
hotel revenue: In the case of Korea. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 8(26). doi:
10.17485/ijst/2015/v8i26/81013
Cini, F., Kruger, S., & Ellis, S. (2013). A Model of Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations on subjective wellbeing: The experience of overnight visitors to a national park. Applied Research in Quality of Life,
8(1), 45–61. doi: 10.1007/s11482-012-9173-y
Cook, K., & Cheshire, C. (2013). Social exchange, power, and inequality in networks. In R. Wittel, T. A.
B. Snijders, & V. Nee (Eds.), The Handbook of Rational Choice Social Research (pp. 185–219).
Stanford University Press. doi: 10.1515/9780804785501-008
Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2015). Basics of qualitative research (4th ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc.
Cornwell, B., Edward O. Laumann, & Schumm Phillip. (2008). The social connectedness of older
adults: A national profile. The Social Connectedness of Older Adults: A National Profile. Amerixan
Sociological Review, 73(2), 185–203. doi: 10.1177%2F000312240807300201
Crook, J. (2021). Airbnb doubles down on flexible search, improves the host flow in preparation for
summer 2021. Techcrunch. https://techcrunch.com/2021/05/24/airbnb-doubles-down-on-flexiblesearch-
improves-the-host-flow-in-preparation-for-summer-2021/
Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warshaw, P. R. (1992). Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation to use
computers in the workplace’. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 22(14), 1111–1132. doi:
10.1111/j.1559-1816.1992.tb00945.x
Dembkowski, S. (2006). The seven steps of effective excutive coaching. Thorogood.
DiNatale, S., Lewis, R., & Parker, R. (2018). Short-term rentals in small cities in Oregon: Impacts and
regulations. Land Use Policy, 79, 407–423. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.08.023
Dogru, T., Mody, M., & Suess, C. (2019). Adding evidence to the debate: Quantifying Airbnb’s disruptive
impact on ten key hotel markets. Tourism Management, 72, 27–38. doi:
10.1016/j.tourman.2018.11.008
Dolnicar, S. (2017). Unique features of the networks. In Peer to peer accommodation networks:
Pushing the boundaries (pp. 1–284). doi: 10.23912/9781911396512-3454
Dolnicar, S. (2021). Airbnb and events- before, during and after COVID-19. In Airbnb before, during
and after COVID-19 (pp. 204–231). The University of Queensland. doi: 10.14264/ab59afd
Emerson, R. M. (1976). Social Exchange Theory. Annual Review of Sociology, 2(2), 335–362. doi:
10.1146.annurev.so.02.080176.00200
Fang, Y., & Neufeld, D. (2009). Understanding sustained participation in open source software projects.
Journal of Management Information Systems, 25(4), 9–50. doi: 10.2753/MIS0742-1222250401
Farmaki, A., & Stergiou, D. P. (2019). Escaping loneliness through Airbnb host-guest interactions.
Tourism Management, 74, 331–333. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2019.04.006
Fischer, S. L., Pahus, H. S., & Bager, A. (2019). What motivates people to become Airbnb hosts – do we
know enough? — an exploration of the literature. Research in Hospitality Management, 9(2), 83–
88. doi: 10.1080/22243534.2019.1689697
Ganglbauer, E., Fitzpatrick, G., Subasi, Ö., & Güldenpfennig, F. (2014). Think globally, act locally: A
case study of a free food sharing community and social networking. Proceedings of the 17th ACM
Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW, May, 911–921. doi:
10.1145/2531602.2531664
Gazzola, P., Vătămănescu, E. M., Andrei, A. G., & Marrapodi, C. (2019). Users’ motivations to
participate in the sharing economy: Moving from profits toward sustainable development.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(4), 741–751. doi:
10.1002/csr.1715
Godelnik, R. (2017). Millennials and the sharing economy: Lessons from a ‘buy nothing new, share
everything month’ project. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 23, 40–52. doi:
10.1016/j.eist.2017.02.002
Gottlieb, C. (2013). Residential short-term rentals: Should local governments regulate the “Industry”?
Planning and Environmental Law: Issues and Decisions That Impact the Built and Natural
Environments, 65(2), 4–9. doi: 10.1080/15480755.2013.766496
Guttentag, D. (2016). Why tourists choose Airbnb : A motivation-based segmentation study
underpinned by innovation concepts.
Guttentag, D., Smith, S., Potwarka, L., & Havitz, M. (2017). Why tourists choose Airbnb: A motivation-based segmentation study. Journal of Travel Research, 57(3), 1–18. doi: 10.1177/0047287517696980
Hamari, J., Sjöklint, M., & Ukkonen, A. (2015). The sharing economy: Why people participate in
collaborative consumption. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology,
67(9), 1–13. doi: 10.1002/asi
Hamon, R., & Bull, K. S. (2016). What Do You Have to Offer Me?": A Relationship Building Activity
What Do You. Family Science Review, 21(1), 26–40. https://mosaic.messiah.edu/hdfs_ed
Hawlitschek, F., Teubner, T., & Weinhardt, C. (2016). Trust in the sharing economy. Die
Unternehmung – Swiss Journal of Business Research and Practice, 70(1), 26–44. doi: 10.5771/0042-
059X-2016-1-26
Hellwig, K., Morhart, F., Girardin, F., & Hauser, M. (2015). Exploring different types of sharing: A
proposed segmentation of the market for “sharing” businesses. Psychology and Marketing, 32(9),
891–960. doi: 10.1002/mar.20825
Homans, G. C. (1958). Social behavior as exchange. American Journal of Sociology, 63(6), 597–606.
http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/t-and-c
Hu, M. R., & Lee, A. D. (2020). Airbnb, COVID-19 risk and lockdowns: Global evidence. SSRN Electronic
Journal, 2. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3589141
Ikkala, T., & Lampinen, A. (2015). Monetizing Network Hospitality: Hospitality and Sociability in the
Context of Airbnb. Proceedings of the 18th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative
Work & Social Computing, Vancouver, Canada., February, 1033–1044.
Jefferson-Jones, J. (2015). Airbnb and the housing segment of the modern sharing economy: Are short-term rental restrictions an unconstitutional taking. Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly, 42(3),
557–576.
Johnson, A.-G., & Neuhofer, B. (2017). Airbnb – An exploration of value co-creation experiences in
Jamaica. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(9), 2361–2376. doi:
10.1108/MRR-09-2015-0216
Kaplan, R. A. (2014). Regulation and the sharing economy. New York: New York Law Journal, 252(12).
https://www.paulweiss.com/media/2561266/21july14_nylj.pdf
Kaplan, R. A., & Nadler, M. L. (2015). Airbnb: A case study in occupancy regulation and taxation. The
University of Chicago Law Review Dialogue, 82, 103–115. http://heinonline.org/hol-cgibin/
get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/uchidial82§ion=8
Karlsson, L., & Dolnicar, S. (2016). Someone’s been sleeping in my bed. In Annals of Tourism Research
(Vol. 58). Elsevier Ltd. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2016.02.006
Kasser, T., & Ryan, R. M. (1996). Further examining the American dream: Differential correlates of
intrinsic and extrinsic goals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22(3), 280–287. doi:
10.1177/0146167296223006
Keymolen, E. (2013). Trust and technology in collobarative consumption. Why it is not just about you
and me. In R. Leenes & E. Kosta (Eds.), Bridging distances in technology and regulation (pp. 135–
150). Oisterwijk: Wolf Legal Publishers (WLP).
Khoo, E. (2019). Growing demand for good-quality hotels in Kota Kinabalu. The Edge Malaysia.
https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/cover-story-growing-demand-goodquality-hotels-kotakinabalu
Kim, B., & Min, J. (2015). The distinct roles of dedication-based and constraint-based mechanisms in
social networking sites. Internet Research, 25(1), 30–51. doi: 10.1108/IntR-11-2013-0253
Kim, D. Y., & Park, S. (2020). Rethinking millennials: How are they shaping the tourism industry? In
Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research (Vol. 25, Issue 1, pp. 1–2). Routledge. doi:
10.1080/10941665.2019.1667607
Kim, S., Lee, K. Y., Koo, C., & Yang, S. B. (2018). Examining the influencing factors of intention to share
accommodations in online hospitality exchange networks. Journal of Travel and Tourism
Marketing, 35(1), 16–31. doi: 10.1080/10548408.2016.1244024
Ladegaard, I. (2018). Hosting the comfortably exotic: Cosmopolitan aspirations in the sharing economy.
The Sociological Review Monographs, 66(2), 381–400. doi: 10.1177/0038026118758538
Lampinen, A., & Cheshire, C. (2016). Hosting via Airbnb: Motivations and financial assurances in
monetized network hospitality. Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in
Computing Systems - CHI ’16, 1669–1680. doi: 10.1145/2858036.2858092
Lee, S. H., & Deale, C. (2021). Consumers’ perceptions of risks associated with the use of Airbnb before
and during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Hospitality Review. doi: 10.1108/ihr-09-2020-
0056
Lepper, M., & Greene, D. (2015). The hidden cost of reward (M. R. Lepper & D. Greene, Eds.).
Psychology Press. doi: 10.4324/9781315666983
Lepper, M. R., & Greene, D. (2015). The hidden costs of reward: New perspectives on psychology oh
human motivation. In M. R. Lepper & D. Greene (Eds.), The Hidden Costs of Reward: New
perspectives on psychology oh human motivation. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. doi:
10.4324/9781315666983
Levendis, J., & Dicle, M. F. (2016). The neighborhood impact of Airbnb on New Orleans.
https://ssrn.com/abstract=2856771https://ssrn.com/abstract=2856771
Liang, L. J., Choi, H. C., & Joppe, M. (2018). Exploring the relationship between satisfaction, trust and
switching intention, repurchase intention in the context of Airbnb. International Journal of
Hospitality Management, 69, 41–48. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2017.10.015
Liang, S., Schuckert, M., Law, R., & Chen, C. C. (2017). Be a “Superhost”: The importance of badge
systems for peer-to-peer rental accommodations. Tourism Management, 60, 454–465. doi:
10.1016/j.tourman.2017.01.007
Liu, F., Zhao, X., Chau, P. Y. K., & Tang, Q. (2015). Roles of perceived value and individual differences in
the acceptance of mobile coupon applications. Internet Research, 25(3), 471–495. doi: 10.1108/IntR-
02-2014-0053
Liu, S. Q., & Mattila, A. S. (2017). Airbnb: Online targeted advertising, sense of power, and consumer
decisions. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 60, 33–41. doi:
10.1016/j.ijhm.2016.09.012
Long, P. T., & Richardson, S. L. (1989). Integrating recreation and tourism development in small winter
cities. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 60(8), 58–61. doi:
10.1080/07303084.1989.10606383
Mackay, H. (2012). The “unfocused” group discussion technique. Australasian Journal of Market and
Social Research, 20(2), 47–58.
Martínez-González, J. A., Parra-López, E., & Barrientos-Báez, A. (2021). Young consumers’ intention to
participate in the sharing economy: An integrated model. Sustainability, 13(1), 430–451. doi:
10.3390/su13010430
Mayan, S. N. A., & Nor, R. M. (2017). Prospects and Challenges of Ecotourism Sector and Poverty
Eradication in Sabah: The Case of Orangutans and Mabul Island. Global Journal of Social Sciences
Studies, 3(1), 1–12. doi: 10.20448/807.3.1.1.12
Miller, S. R. (2014). Transferable sharing rights: A theoretical model for regulating Airbnb and the
short-term rental market. SSRN Electronic Journal, 1–8. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.2514178
Miwil, O. (2017). Sabah govt stands firm making Airbnb illegal. New Straits Times.
https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2017/10/295516/sabah-govt-stands-firm-making-airbnbillegal
Mody, M. A., Seuss, C., & Lehto, X. (2015). The accommodation experiencescapre: A comparative
assessment of hotels and Airbnb. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,
29(9), 2377–2404. doi: 10.1108/ IJCHM-09-2016-0501
Möhlmann, M. (2015). Collaborative consumption: determinants of satisfaction and the likelihood of
using a sharing economy option again. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 14, 193–207. doi:
10.1002/cb
Molm, L. (2006). The social exchange framework. In P. J. Burke (Ed.), Contemporary social
psychological theories (pp. 24–45). Stanford University Press.
Moore, K. R., & Cunningham, W. A. (1999). Social exchange behavior in logistics relationships: A
shipper perspective. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 29(2),
103–121. doi: 10.1108/09600039910264696
Moyle, B., Croy, G., & Weiler, B. (2010). Tourism interaction on islands: The community and visitor
social exchange. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 4(2), 96–107.
doi: 10.1108/17506181011045172
Nadler, S. (2014). The sharing economy: What it is and where is it going?
Oskam, J., & Boswijk, A. (2016). Airbnb: The future of networked hospitality businesses. Journal of
Tourism Futures, 2(1), 22–42. doi: 10.1108/JTF-11-2015-0048
Osterloh, M., & Frey, B. S. (2000a). Motivation, knowledge transfer, and organizational forms.
Organization Science, 11(5), 538–550. doi: 10.4337/9781785364181.00012
Osterloh, M., & Frey, B. S. (2000b). Motivation, knowledge transfer, and organizational forms.
Organization Science, 11(5), 538–550. doi: 10.1287/orsc.11.5.538.15204
Page, S. J., & Connell, J. (2006). Tourism: A modern synthesis. In Tourism: A modern synthesis.
London: Cengage Learning EMEA. doi: 10.1016/S0160-7383(02)00041-5
Property Hunter. (2020). Is Airbnb in Kota Kinabalu performing better then Kuala Lumpur? Property
Hunter. https://www.propertyhunter.com.my/news/2020/09/7752/article/is-airbnb-in-kotakinabalu-
performing-better-than-kuala-lumpur
Quinones, A., & Augustine A. (n.d.). Technology and trust: How the sharing economy is changing
consumer behaviour. 2015. Retrieved May 28, 2021, from https://www.bbvaresearch.com/wp.../
151119_US_SharingEconomy.pdf
Reeve, J. (2017). Understanding motivation and emotion. Wiley.
Reinhold, S., & Dolnicar, S. (2017). The sharing economy. In Peer-to-Peer Accommodation Networks
(pp. 15–26). Goodfellow Publishers. Doi: 10.23912/9781911396512-3600
Reiss, S. (2012). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. In Teaching of Psychology (Vol. 39, Issue 2, pp. 152–
156). doi: 10.1177/0098628312437704
Roof. K, & Carville, O. (2020). Airbnb Quarterly Revenue Drops 67%; IPO Still Planned. Bloomberg
News. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-08-12/airbnb-revenue-tanks- 67-insecond-
quarter-ipo-planned-for-2020
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new
directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 54–67. doi: 10.1006/ceps.1999.1020
Sainaghi, R., & Baggio, R. (2020). Substitution threat between Airbnb and hotels: Myth or reality?
Annals of Tourism Research, 83, 1–11. doi:: 10.1016/j.annals.2020.102959
Sayed Mahadi, S. A. R. (2015). The transformation in economic and workforce development in Sabah:
An analysis. Journal of Borneo Social Transformation Studies, 1(1), 108–121. doi:
10.51200/jobsts.v1i1.144
Shih, P. C., Bellotti, V., Han, K., & Carroll, J. M. (2015). Unequal time for unequal value: Implications of
differing motivations for participation in timebanking. Conference on Human Factors in Computing
Systems - Proceedings, 2015-April(April), 1075–1084. doi: 10.1145/2702123.2702560
Sigala, M. (2017). Collaborative commerce in tourism: implications for research and industry. Current
Issues in Tourism, 20(4), 364–355. doi: 10.1080/13683500.2014.982522
So, K. K. F., Oh, H., & Min, S. (2018). Motivations and constraints of Airbnb consumers: Findings from
a mixed-methods approach. Tourism Management, 67, 224–236. doi:
10.1016/j.tourman.2018.01.009
Stafford, L. (2008). Social exchange theories. In Engaging theories in interpersonal communication:
Multiple perspectives (pp. 377–389). Sage Publications.
Stollery, A., & Jun, S. H. (2017). The antecedents of perceived value in the Airbnb context. Asia Pacific
Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 11(3), 391–404. doi: 10.1108/APJIE-12-2017-040
Sung, E., Kim, H., & Lee, D. (2018). Why do people consume and provide sharing economy
accommodation?-A sustainability perspective. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(6), 1–17. doi:
10.3390/su10062072
Thibaut, J. w., & Kelley, H. H. (1959). The social psychology of groups. John Wiley.
Tussyadiah, I. P., & Pesonen, J. (2016). Drivers and barriers of peer-to-peer accommodation stay - An
exploratory study with American and Finnish travellers. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(6), 703–720.
doi: 10.1080/13683500.2016.1141180
Urn, S., & Crompton, J. L. (1990). Attitude determinants in tourism destination choice. Annald of
Tourism Research, 17(3), 432–448.
van der Heijden, H. (2004). User acceptance of hedonic information systems. MIS Quarterly, 28(4),
695–704. doi: 10.2307/25148660
Visser, G., Erasmus, I., & Miller, M. (2017). Airbnb: The emergence of a new accommodation type in
Cape Town, South Africa. Tourism Review International, 21(2), 151–168. doi:
10.3727/154427217X14912408849458
Wang, D., & Nicolau, J. L. (2017). Price determinants of sharing economy based accommodation rental:
A study of listings from 33 cities on Airbnb.com. International Journal of Hospitality Management,
62, 120–131. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2016.12.007
Wang, S. (2019). Motivations and experiences of an Airbnb host: An explorative study in Umeå,
Sweden. http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1372953/FULLTEXT01.pdf
Yan, Z., Wang, T., Chen, Y., & Zhang, H. (2016). Knowledge sharing in online health communities: A
social exchange theory perspective. Information and Management, 53(5), 643–653. doi:
10.1016/j.im.2016.02.001
Yang, Y., & Mao, Z. (2019). Welcome to my home! An empirical analysis of Airbnb supply in US cities.
Journal of Travel Research, 58(8), 1274–1287. doi: 10.1177/0047287518815984
Yannopoulou, N., Moufahim, M., & Bian, X. (2013). User-generated brands and social media:
Couchsurfing and Airbnb. Contemporary Management Research, 9(1), 85–90. doi:
10.7903/cmr.11116
Yusof, A. (2020). Malaysia’s GDP gets RM4bil airbnb boost. New Straits Times.
https://www.nst.com.my/business/2020/08/615991/malaysias-gdp-gets-rm4bil-airbnb-boost
Zervas, G., Proserpio, D., & Byers, J. (2017). The rise of the sharing economy: Estimating the impact of
Airbnb on the hotel industry. Journal of Marketing Research, 54(5), 687–705. doi:
10.1509%2Fjmr.15.0204
accommodation: a survey on Airbnb. Int. J. Social and Humanistic Computing , 2. doi:
10.1504/IJSHC.2017.10005730
Adamiak, C. (2019). Current state and development of Airbnb accommodation offer in 167 countries.
Current Issues in Tourism, 1–19. doi: 10.1080/13683500.2019.1696758
Airbnb. (2021). What is Superhost? . Retrieved from: https://www.airbnb.com/help/article/828/whatis-
a-superhost
Airbnb Newsroom. (2021). About us. Retrieved from: https://news.airbnb.com/about-us/
Amaro, S., Andreu, L., & Huang, S. (2019). Millenials’ intentions to book on Airbnb. Current Issues in
Tourism, 22(18), 2284–2298. doi: 10.1080/13683500.2018.1448368
Andereck, K. L., & Vogt, C. A. (2000). The relationship between residents’ attitudes toward tourism and
tourism development options. Journal of Travel Research, 39(1), 27–36. doi:
10.1177/004728750003900104
Avital, M., Andersson, M., Nickerson, J., Sundararajan, A., van Alstyne, M., & Verhoeven, D. (2014). The
collaborative economy: A disruptive innovation or much ado about nothing? 35th International
Conference on Information Systems Building a Better World Through Information Systems, ICIS
2014, June 2018, 1–7.
Basuroy, S., Kim, Y., & Proserpio, D. (2020). Estimating the impact of Airbnb on the local economy:
Evidence from the restaurant industry. Working Paper. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3516983
Bellotti, V., Cambridge, S., Hoy, K., Shih, P. C., Handalian, L., Han, K., & Carroll, J. M. (2014). Towards
community-centered support for peer-to-peer service exchange: Rethinking the timebanking
metaphor. Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings, April, 2975–2984.
doi: 10.1145/2556288.2557061
Benabou, R., & Tirole, J. (2003). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Review of Economic Studies, 70,
489–520. doi: 10.1111/1467-937x.00253
Bimonte, S., & Punzo, L. F. (2016). Tourist development and host-guest interaction: An economic
exchange theory. Annals of Tourism Research, 58, 128–139. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2016.03.004
Boateng, H., Kosiba, J. P. B., & Okoe, A. F. (2019). Determinants of consumers’ participation in the
sharing economy: A social exchange perspective within an emerging economy context. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(2), 718–733. doi:
10.1108/IJCHM-11-2017-0731
Boecker, L., & Meelen, T. (2016). Sharing for people, planet or profit? Analysing motivations for
intended sharing economy participation. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 23,
29–39. doi: 10.1016/j.eist.2016.09.004
Capistrano, R. C., & Weaver, A. (2017). Host-guest interactions between first-generation immigrants
and their visiting relatives: social exchange, relations of care and travel. International Journal of
Culture, Tourism, and Hospitality Research, 11(3), 406–420. doi: 10.1108/IJCTHR-11-2016-0115
Carroll, J. M., & Bellotti, V. (2015). Creating value together: The emerging design space of peer-To-peer
currency and exchange. CSCW 2015 - Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Conference on
Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing, 1500–1510. doi:
10.1145/2675133.2675270
Chen, G., Cheng, M., Edwards, D., & Xu, L. (2021). COVID-19 pandemic exposes the vulnerability of the
sharing economy: A novel accounting framework. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 1-18. doi:
10.1080/09669582.2020.1868484
Chen, R. (2013). Member use of social networking sites - An empirical examination. Decision Support
Systems, 54(3), 1219–1227. doi: 10.1016/j.dss.2012.10.028
Cheng, M. (2016). Sharing economy: A review and agenda for future research. International Journal of
Hospitality Management, 57, 60–70. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2016.06.003
Cheshire, C., Gerbasi, A., & Cook, K. S. (2010). Trust and transitions in modes of exchange. Social
Psychology Quarterly, 73(2), 176–195. doi: 10.1177/0190272509359615
Chica-Olmo, J., González-Morales, J. G., & Zafra-Gómez, J. L. (2020). Effects of location on Airbnb
apartment pricing in Málaga. Tourism Management, 77, 1–13. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2019.103981
Choi, K.-H., Jung, J., Ryu, S., Kim, S.-D., & Yoon, S.-M. (2015). The relationship between Airbnb and the
hotel revenue: In the case of Korea. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 8(26). doi:
10.17485/ijst/2015/v8i26/81013
Cini, F., Kruger, S., & Ellis, S. (2013). A Model of Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations on subjective wellbeing: The experience of overnight visitors to a national park. Applied Research in Quality of Life,
8(1), 45–61. doi: 10.1007/s11482-012-9173-y
Cook, K., & Cheshire, C. (2013). Social exchange, power, and inequality in networks. In R. Wittel, T. A.
B. Snijders, & V. Nee (Eds.), The Handbook of Rational Choice Social Research (pp. 185–219).
Stanford University Press. doi: 10.1515/9780804785501-008
Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2015). Basics of qualitative research (4th ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc.
Cornwell, B., Edward O. Laumann, & Schumm Phillip. (2008). The social connectedness of older
adults: A national profile. The Social Connectedness of Older Adults: A National Profile. Amerixan
Sociological Review, 73(2), 185–203. doi: 10.1177%2F000312240807300201
Crook, J. (2021). Airbnb doubles down on flexible search, improves the host flow in preparation for
summer 2021. Techcrunch. https://techcrunch.com/2021/05/24/airbnb-doubles-down-on-flexiblesearch-
improves-the-host-flow-in-preparation-for-summer-2021/
Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warshaw, P. R. (1992). Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation to use
computers in the workplace’. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 22(14), 1111–1132. doi:
10.1111/j.1559-1816.1992.tb00945.x
Dembkowski, S. (2006). The seven steps of effective excutive coaching. Thorogood.
DiNatale, S., Lewis, R., & Parker, R. (2018). Short-term rentals in small cities in Oregon: Impacts and
regulations. Land Use Policy, 79, 407–423. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.08.023
Dogru, T., Mody, M., & Suess, C. (2019). Adding evidence to the debate: Quantifying Airbnb’s disruptive
impact on ten key hotel markets. Tourism Management, 72, 27–38. doi:
10.1016/j.tourman.2018.11.008
Dolnicar, S. (2017). Unique features of the networks. In Peer to peer accommodation networks:
Pushing the boundaries (pp. 1–284). doi: 10.23912/9781911396512-3454
Dolnicar, S. (2021). Airbnb and events- before, during and after COVID-19. In Airbnb before, during
and after COVID-19 (pp. 204–231). The University of Queensland. doi: 10.14264/ab59afd
Emerson, R. M. (1976). Social Exchange Theory. Annual Review of Sociology, 2(2), 335–362. doi:
10.1146.annurev.so.02.080176.00200
Fang, Y., & Neufeld, D. (2009). Understanding sustained participation in open source software projects.
Journal of Management Information Systems, 25(4), 9–50. doi: 10.2753/MIS0742-1222250401
Farmaki, A., & Stergiou, D. P. (2019). Escaping loneliness through Airbnb host-guest interactions.
Tourism Management, 74, 331–333. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2019.04.006
Fischer, S. L., Pahus, H. S., & Bager, A. (2019). What motivates people to become Airbnb hosts – do we
know enough? — an exploration of the literature. Research in Hospitality Management, 9(2), 83–
88. doi: 10.1080/22243534.2019.1689697
Ganglbauer, E., Fitzpatrick, G., Subasi, Ö., & Güldenpfennig, F. (2014). Think globally, act locally: A
case study of a free food sharing community and social networking. Proceedings of the 17th ACM
Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW, May, 911–921. doi:
10.1145/2531602.2531664
Gazzola, P., Vătămănescu, E. M., Andrei, A. G., & Marrapodi, C. (2019). Users’ motivations to
participate in the sharing economy: Moving from profits toward sustainable development.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(4), 741–751. doi:
10.1002/csr.1715
Godelnik, R. (2017). Millennials and the sharing economy: Lessons from a ‘buy nothing new, share
everything month’ project. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 23, 40–52. doi:
10.1016/j.eist.2017.02.002
Gottlieb, C. (2013). Residential short-term rentals: Should local governments regulate the “Industry”?
Planning and Environmental Law: Issues and Decisions That Impact the Built and Natural
Environments, 65(2), 4–9. doi: 10.1080/15480755.2013.766496
Guttentag, D. (2016). Why tourists choose Airbnb : A motivation-based segmentation study
underpinned by innovation concepts.
Guttentag, D., Smith, S., Potwarka, L., & Havitz, M. (2017). Why tourists choose Airbnb: A motivation-based segmentation study. Journal of Travel Research, 57(3), 1–18. doi: 10.1177/0047287517696980
Hamari, J., Sjöklint, M., & Ukkonen, A. (2015). The sharing economy: Why people participate in
collaborative consumption. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology,
67(9), 1–13. doi: 10.1002/asi
Hamon, R., & Bull, K. S. (2016). What Do You Have to Offer Me?": A Relationship Building Activity
What Do You. Family Science Review, 21(1), 26–40. https://mosaic.messiah.edu/hdfs_ed
Hawlitschek, F., Teubner, T., & Weinhardt, C. (2016). Trust in the sharing economy. Die
Unternehmung – Swiss Journal of Business Research and Practice, 70(1), 26–44. doi: 10.5771/0042-
059X-2016-1-26
Hellwig, K., Morhart, F., Girardin, F., & Hauser, M. (2015). Exploring different types of sharing: A
proposed segmentation of the market for “sharing” businesses. Psychology and Marketing, 32(9),
891–960. doi: 10.1002/mar.20825
Homans, G. C. (1958). Social behavior as exchange. American Journal of Sociology, 63(6), 597–606.
http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/t-and-c
Hu, M. R., & Lee, A. D. (2020). Airbnb, COVID-19 risk and lockdowns: Global evidence. SSRN Electronic
Journal, 2. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3589141
Ikkala, T., & Lampinen, A. (2015). Monetizing Network Hospitality: Hospitality and Sociability in the
Context of Airbnb. Proceedings of the 18th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative
Work & Social Computing, Vancouver, Canada., February, 1033–1044.
Jefferson-Jones, J. (2015). Airbnb and the housing segment of the modern sharing economy: Are short-term rental restrictions an unconstitutional taking. Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly, 42(3),
557–576.
Johnson, A.-G., & Neuhofer, B. (2017). Airbnb – An exploration of value co-creation experiences in
Jamaica. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(9), 2361–2376. doi:
10.1108/MRR-09-2015-0216
Kaplan, R. A. (2014). Regulation and the sharing economy. New York: New York Law Journal, 252(12).
https://www.paulweiss.com/media/2561266/21july14_nylj.pdf
Kaplan, R. A., & Nadler, M. L. (2015). Airbnb: A case study in occupancy regulation and taxation. The
University of Chicago Law Review Dialogue, 82, 103–115. http://heinonline.org/hol-cgibin/
get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/uchidial82§ion=8
Karlsson, L., & Dolnicar, S. (2016). Someone’s been sleeping in my bed. In Annals of Tourism Research
(Vol. 58). Elsevier Ltd. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2016.02.006
Kasser, T., & Ryan, R. M. (1996). Further examining the American dream: Differential correlates of
intrinsic and extrinsic goals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22(3), 280–287. doi:
10.1177/0146167296223006
Keymolen, E. (2013). Trust and technology in collobarative consumption. Why it is not just about you
and me. In R. Leenes & E. Kosta (Eds.), Bridging distances in technology and regulation (pp. 135–
150). Oisterwijk: Wolf Legal Publishers (WLP).
Khoo, E. (2019). Growing demand for good-quality hotels in Kota Kinabalu. The Edge Malaysia.
https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/cover-story-growing-demand-goodquality-hotels-kotakinabalu
Kim, B., & Min, J. (2015). The distinct roles of dedication-based and constraint-based mechanisms in
social networking sites. Internet Research, 25(1), 30–51. doi: 10.1108/IntR-11-2013-0253
Kim, D. Y., & Park, S. (2020). Rethinking millennials: How are they shaping the tourism industry? In
Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research (Vol. 25, Issue 1, pp. 1–2). Routledge. doi:
10.1080/10941665.2019.1667607
Kim, S., Lee, K. Y., Koo, C., & Yang, S. B. (2018). Examining the influencing factors of intention to share
accommodations in online hospitality exchange networks. Journal of Travel and Tourism
Marketing, 35(1), 16–31. doi: 10.1080/10548408.2016.1244024
Ladegaard, I. (2018). Hosting the comfortably exotic: Cosmopolitan aspirations in the sharing economy.
The Sociological Review Monographs, 66(2), 381–400. doi: 10.1177/0038026118758538
Lampinen, A., & Cheshire, C. (2016). Hosting via Airbnb: Motivations and financial assurances in
monetized network hospitality. Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in
Computing Systems - CHI ’16, 1669–1680. doi: 10.1145/2858036.2858092
Lee, S. H., & Deale, C. (2021). Consumers’ perceptions of risks associated with the use of Airbnb before
and during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Hospitality Review. doi: 10.1108/ihr-09-2020-
0056
Lepper, M., & Greene, D. (2015). The hidden cost of reward (M. R. Lepper & D. Greene, Eds.).
Psychology Press. doi: 10.4324/9781315666983
Lepper, M. R., & Greene, D. (2015). The hidden costs of reward: New perspectives on psychology oh
human motivation. In M. R. Lepper & D. Greene (Eds.), The Hidden Costs of Reward: New
perspectives on psychology oh human motivation. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. doi:
10.4324/9781315666983
Levendis, J., & Dicle, M. F. (2016). The neighborhood impact of Airbnb on New Orleans.
https://ssrn.com/abstract=2856771https://ssrn.com/abstract=2856771
Liang, L. J., Choi, H. C., & Joppe, M. (2018). Exploring the relationship between satisfaction, trust and
switching intention, repurchase intention in the context of Airbnb. International Journal of
Hospitality Management, 69, 41–48. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2017.10.015
Liang, S., Schuckert, M., Law, R., & Chen, C. C. (2017). Be a “Superhost”: The importance of badge
systems for peer-to-peer rental accommodations. Tourism Management, 60, 454–465. doi:
10.1016/j.tourman.2017.01.007
Liu, F., Zhao, X., Chau, P. Y. K., & Tang, Q. (2015). Roles of perceived value and individual differences in
the acceptance of mobile coupon applications. Internet Research, 25(3), 471–495. doi: 10.1108/IntR-
02-2014-0053
Liu, S. Q., & Mattila, A. S. (2017). Airbnb: Online targeted advertising, sense of power, and consumer
decisions. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 60, 33–41. doi:
10.1016/j.ijhm.2016.09.012
Long, P. T., & Richardson, S. L. (1989). Integrating recreation and tourism development in small winter
cities. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 60(8), 58–61. doi:
10.1080/07303084.1989.10606383
Mackay, H. (2012). The “unfocused” group discussion technique. Australasian Journal of Market and
Social Research, 20(2), 47–58.
Martínez-González, J. A., Parra-López, E., & Barrientos-Báez, A. (2021). Young consumers’ intention to
participate in the sharing economy: An integrated model. Sustainability, 13(1), 430–451. doi:
10.3390/su13010430
Mayan, S. N. A., & Nor, R. M. (2017). Prospects and Challenges of Ecotourism Sector and Poverty
Eradication in Sabah: The Case of Orangutans and Mabul Island. Global Journal of Social Sciences
Studies, 3(1), 1–12. doi: 10.20448/807.3.1.1.12
Miller, S. R. (2014). Transferable sharing rights: A theoretical model for regulating Airbnb and the
short-term rental market. SSRN Electronic Journal, 1–8. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.2514178
Miwil, O. (2017). Sabah govt stands firm making Airbnb illegal. New Straits Times.
https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2017/10/295516/sabah-govt-stands-firm-making-airbnbillegal
Mody, M. A., Seuss, C., & Lehto, X. (2015). The accommodation experiencescapre: A comparative
assessment of hotels and Airbnb. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,
29(9), 2377–2404. doi: 10.1108/ IJCHM-09-2016-0501
Möhlmann, M. (2015). Collaborative consumption: determinants of satisfaction and the likelihood of
using a sharing economy option again. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 14, 193–207. doi:
10.1002/cb
Molm, L. (2006). The social exchange framework. In P. J. Burke (Ed.), Contemporary social
psychological theories (pp. 24–45). Stanford University Press.
Moore, K. R., & Cunningham, W. A. (1999). Social exchange behavior in logistics relationships: A
shipper perspective. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 29(2),
103–121. doi: 10.1108/09600039910264696
Moyle, B., Croy, G., & Weiler, B. (2010). Tourism interaction on islands: The community and visitor
social exchange. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 4(2), 96–107.
doi: 10.1108/17506181011045172
Nadler, S. (2014). The sharing economy: What it is and where is it going?
Oskam, J., & Boswijk, A. (2016). Airbnb: The future of networked hospitality businesses. Journal of
Tourism Futures, 2(1), 22–42. doi: 10.1108/JTF-11-2015-0048
Osterloh, M., & Frey, B. S. (2000a). Motivation, knowledge transfer, and organizational forms.
Organization Science, 11(5), 538–550. doi: 10.4337/9781785364181.00012
Osterloh, M., & Frey, B. S. (2000b). Motivation, knowledge transfer, and organizational forms.
Organization Science, 11(5), 538–550. doi: 10.1287/orsc.11.5.538.15204
Page, S. J., & Connell, J. (2006). Tourism: A modern synthesis. In Tourism: A modern synthesis.
London: Cengage Learning EMEA. doi: 10.1016/S0160-7383(02)00041-5
Property Hunter. (2020). Is Airbnb in Kota Kinabalu performing better then Kuala Lumpur? Property
Hunter. https://www.propertyhunter.com.my/news/2020/09/7752/article/is-airbnb-in-kotakinabalu-
performing-better-than-kuala-lumpur
Quinones, A., & Augustine A. (n.d.). Technology and trust: How the sharing economy is changing
consumer behaviour. 2015. Retrieved May 28, 2021, from https://www.bbvaresearch.com/wp.../
151119_US_SharingEconomy.pdf
Reeve, J. (2017). Understanding motivation and emotion. Wiley.
Reinhold, S., & Dolnicar, S. (2017). The sharing economy. In Peer-to-Peer Accommodation Networks
(pp. 15–26). Goodfellow Publishers. Doi: 10.23912/9781911396512-3600
Reiss, S. (2012). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. In Teaching of Psychology (Vol. 39, Issue 2, pp. 152–
156). doi: 10.1177/0098628312437704
Roof. K, & Carville, O. (2020). Airbnb Quarterly Revenue Drops 67%; IPO Still Planned. Bloomberg
News. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-08-12/airbnb-revenue-tanks- 67-insecond-
quarter-ipo-planned-for-2020
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new
directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 54–67. doi: 10.1006/ceps.1999.1020
Sainaghi, R., & Baggio, R. (2020). Substitution threat between Airbnb and hotels: Myth or reality?
Annals of Tourism Research, 83, 1–11. doi:: 10.1016/j.annals.2020.102959
Sayed Mahadi, S. A. R. (2015). The transformation in economic and workforce development in Sabah:
An analysis. Journal of Borneo Social Transformation Studies, 1(1), 108–121. doi:
10.51200/jobsts.v1i1.144
Shih, P. C., Bellotti, V., Han, K., & Carroll, J. M. (2015). Unequal time for unequal value: Implications of
differing motivations for participation in timebanking. Conference on Human Factors in Computing
Systems - Proceedings, 2015-April(April), 1075–1084. doi: 10.1145/2702123.2702560
Sigala, M. (2017). Collaborative commerce in tourism: implications for research and industry. Current
Issues in Tourism, 20(4), 364–355. doi: 10.1080/13683500.2014.982522
So, K. K. F., Oh, H., & Min, S. (2018). Motivations and constraints of Airbnb consumers: Findings from
a mixed-methods approach. Tourism Management, 67, 224–236. doi:
10.1016/j.tourman.2018.01.009
Stafford, L. (2008). Social exchange theories. In Engaging theories in interpersonal communication:
Multiple perspectives (pp. 377–389). Sage Publications.
Stollery, A., & Jun, S. H. (2017). The antecedents of perceived value in the Airbnb context. Asia Pacific
Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 11(3), 391–404. doi: 10.1108/APJIE-12-2017-040
Sung, E., Kim, H., & Lee, D. (2018). Why do people consume and provide sharing economy
accommodation?-A sustainability perspective. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(6), 1–17. doi:
10.3390/su10062072
Thibaut, J. w., & Kelley, H. H. (1959). The social psychology of groups. John Wiley.
Tussyadiah, I. P., & Pesonen, J. (2016). Drivers and barriers of peer-to-peer accommodation stay - An
exploratory study with American and Finnish travellers. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(6), 703–720.
doi: 10.1080/13683500.2016.1141180
Urn, S., & Crompton, J. L. (1990). Attitude determinants in tourism destination choice. Annald of
Tourism Research, 17(3), 432–448.
van der Heijden, H. (2004). User acceptance of hedonic information systems. MIS Quarterly, 28(4),
695–704. doi: 10.2307/25148660
Visser, G., Erasmus, I., & Miller, M. (2017). Airbnb: The emergence of a new accommodation type in
Cape Town, South Africa. Tourism Review International, 21(2), 151–168. doi:
10.3727/154427217X14912408849458
Wang, D., & Nicolau, J. L. (2017). Price determinants of sharing economy based accommodation rental:
A study of listings from 33 cities on Airbnb.com. International Journal of Hospitality Management,
62, 120–131. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2016.12.007
Wang, S. (2019). Motivations and experiences of an Airbnb host: An explorative study in Umeå,
Sweden. http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1372953/FULLTEXT01.pdf
Yan, Z., Wang, T., Chen, Y., & Zhang, H. (2016). Knowledge sharing in online health communities: A
social exchange theory perspective. Information and Management, 53(5), 643–653. doi:
10.1016/j.im.2016.02.001
Yang, Y., & Mao, Z. (2019). Welcome to my home! An empirical analysis of Airbnb supply in US cities.
Journal of Travel Research, 58(8), 1274–1287. doi: 10.1177/0047287518815984
Yannopoulou, N., Moufahim, M., & Bian, X. (2013). User-generated brands and social media:
Couchsurfing and Airbnb. Contemporary Management Research, 9(1), 85–90. doi:
10.7903/cmr.11116
Yusof, A. (2020). Malaysia’s GDP gets RM4bil airbnb boost. New Straits Times.
https://www.nst.com.my/business/2020/08/615991/malaysias-gdp-gets-rm4bil-airbnb-boost
Zervas, G., Proserpio, D., & Byers, J. (2017). The rise of the sharing economy: Estimating the impact of
Airbnb on the hotel industry. Journal of Marketing Research, 54(5), 687–705. doi:
10.1509%2Fjmr.15.0204
Article Sidebar
Published
Jan 18, 2022
Article Details
How to Cite
Awang Razli, I., Grace, P. I., & Osman, Z. (2022). Motivation of Airbnb Host: Evidence From Pre-COVID Study In Sabah, Malaysia. International Journal of Applied Business Research, 4(1), 65-83. https://doi.org/10.35313/ijabr.v4i1.173
Issue
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Author’s Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by the stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
Copyright
The copyright is transferred to Publishers. As a condition of publication, the authors must grant the IJABR the right to distribute their manuscripts to the widest possible readership in online/electronic format. In this term, the corresponding author must fill out the Copyright Transfer Agreement that we have provided. If the article was jointly prepared by other authors, the signatory of this form warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this agreement.
User Rights
International Journal of Applied Business Research objective is to disseminate articles published are as free as possible. Under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0), this journal permits users to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) the work for any purpose, even commercially with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in IJABR. Users will also need to attribute authors and this journal to distributing works in the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in IJABR. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.