E-Commerce Implementation on MSME Sales Performance: Customer Satisfaction Mediation and Technology Adaptation Moderation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35313/ijabr.v8i02.605Keywords:
Consumer satisfaction, E-Commerce, MSMEs, Sales Performance, Technology AdaptationAbstract
This research explores how electronic commerce influences the sales results of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) throughout Indonesia, focusing on how customer contentment acts as an intermediary and how adapting to technology serves as a moderator. This study aims to analyses the influence of e-commerce on MSME sales performance by examining the mediation of customer satisfaction and the moderation of technology adaptation. This study used a correlational design with a quantitative approach. Information was gathered at random from a collection of 366 Indonesian MSMEs that were actively transacting through electronic platforms. The information was processed employing structural equation modeling using partial least squares method. The outcomes pointed out that embracing e-commerce had a noteworthy effect on the sales achievements of MSMEs, in which customer contentment functioned as a vital intermediary aspect. The drawbacks of this research encompass the utilization of data captured at a single point in time, which might not precisely mirror trends that happen over time, along with the restricted ability to expand the research's findings due to the small number of MSMEs examined in Indonesia.
Downloads
References
Agag, G., Durrani, B. A., Shehawy, Y. M., Alharthi, M., Alamoudi, H., El-Halaby, S., Abdelmoety, Z. H. (2023). Understanding the link between customer feedback metrics and firm performance. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 73, 103301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103301
Akin, M. S. (2024). Enhancing e-commerce competitiveness: A comprehensive analysis of customer experiences and strategies in the Turkish market. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(1), 100222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100222
Ali, N., & Alfayez, M. (2024). The impact of E-CRM on customer loyalty in the airline industry: the mediating role of customer experience. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2364838
Alisa, T., & Agus, A. A. (2025). The Mediating Effects of Trust and Satisfaction on E-Commerce Repurchase under Deflationary Economic Conditions. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 13(4), 2119–2132. https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v13i4.3409
Anabila, P., Kumi, D. K., Ameyibor, L. E. K., & Allan, M. M. (2024). E-commerce adoption among entrepreneurial firms in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 31(7), 1400–1423. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-08-2023-0358
Anitha, K. M., & Kumar, D. (2023). The Digitalization of Accounting in Modern Business: An Analytical Pedagogy Through Benefits and Challenges of Digitalization. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 44(4).
Anuriza, D., & Kusumawardhani, A. (2021). THE INFLUENCE OF ELECTRONIC CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT (e-CRM) ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY WITH CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AS A MEDIATING VARIABLE STUDY IN AHASS PUTRI JAYA MOTOR GROUP BREBES. Diponegoro Journal of Management, 10(3), 1–12.
Ashiq, R., & Hussain, A. (2024). Exploring the effects of e-service quality and e-trust on consumers’ e-satisfaction and e-loyalty: insights from online shoppers in Pakistan. Journal of Electronic Business & Digital Economics, 3(2), 117–141. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEBDE-09-2023-0019
Balinado, J. R., Prasetyo, Y. T., Young, M. N., Persada, S. F., Miraja, B. A., & Perwira Redi, A. A. N. (2021). The Effect of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction in an Automotive After-Sales Service. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(2), 116. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7020116
Behera, P. C., Chinara, M., & Behera, A. R. (2025). Determinants of E-commerce Adoption by MSMEs: An Empirical Analysis in Odisha. SEDME (Small Enterprises Development, Management & Extension Journal): A Worldwide Window on MSME Studies, 52(1), 13–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/09708464241296640
Cohen, J. (2013). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203771587
DeLone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (2016). Information Systems Success Measurement. Foundations and Trends® in Information Systems, 2(1), 1–116. https://doi.org/10.1561/2900000005
Faiz, F., Le, V., & Masli, E. K. (2024). Determinants of digital technology adoption in innovative SMEs. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 9(4), 100610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2024.100610
Farmania, A., Elsyah, R. D., & Tuori, M. A. (2021). Transformation of CRM Activities into e-CRM: The Generating e-Loyalty and Open Innovation. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(2), 109. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7020109
G, R., V, G., Dinesh, K. G. S., Asokan-Ajitha, A., & Jose, A. (2021). Privacy breach perceptions and litigation intentions: Evidence from e-commerce customers. IIMB Management Review, 33(4), 322–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iimb.2021.11.001
Gao, J., Siddik, A. B., Khawar Abbas, S., Hamayun, M., Masukujjaman, M., & Alam, S. S. (2023). Impact of E-Commerce and Digital Marketing Adoption on the Financial and Sustainability Performance of MSMEs during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Empirical Study. Sustainability, 15(2), 1594. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021594
German Ruiz-Herrera, L., Valencia-Arias, A., Gallegos, A., Benjumea-Arias, M., & Flores-Siapo, E. (2023). Technology acceptance factors of e-commerce among young people: An integration of the technology acceptance model and theory of planned behavior. Heliyon, 9(6), e16418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16418
Ghobakhloo, M., & Ching, N. T. (2019). Adoption of digital technologies of smart manufacturing in SMEs. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 16, 100107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2019.100107
Gimeno-Arias, F., Santos-Jaén, J. M., & Pemartín González-Adalid, M. (2024). How are companies going to business digitalization? An explanation based on the implementation of e-commerce with data of SMEs. Data in Brief, 56, 110788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2024.110788
Hadian, N., & Rizaludin, M. (2024). Factors Influencing Adoption of E-Commerce Innovation among Village Employees. G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan, 8(3), 1575–1583. https://doi.org/10.33379/gtech.v8i3.4362
Hair, J., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).
Halim, F. A., Djong, D. I., & Usman, S. F. U. (2024). Examining the Impact of Platform Usage on Online Purchasing in E-commerce. IJNMT (International Journal of New Media Technology), 10(2), 70–78. https://doi.org/10.31937/ijnmt.v10i2.3211
Hendricks, S., & Mwapwele, S. D. (2024). A systematic literature review on the factors influencing e-commerce adoption in developing countries. Data and Information Management, 8(1), 100045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dim.2023.100045
Herzallah, F., & Mukhtar, M. (2015). Organization Information Ecology and E-Commerce Adoption: Effect on Organizational SMEs Performance. Journal of Computer Science, 11(3), 540–551. https://doi.org/10.3844/jcssp.2015.540.551
Ilieva, G., Yankova, T., Klisarova, S., & Dzhabarova, Y. (2022). Customer Satisfaction in e-Commerce during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Systems, 10(6), 213. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems10060213
Iqbal, M., Tanveer, A., Ul Haq, H. B., Baig, M. D., & Kosar, A. (2023). Enhancing customer satisfaction in e-commerce: The role of service quality and brand trust. Forum for Economic and Financial Studies, 1(1), 287. https://doi.org/10.59400/fefs.v1i1.287
Jameel, A. S., & Ahmad, M. A.-A. (2018). Determine some factors that affect to adoption of e-commerce among small and medium enterprises in Erbil. Polytechnic Journal, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.2018.8.1.146
Julius, A. (2025). Effect of E-commerce Adoption on Business Performance: A Case Study of Small and Medium Enterprises in Mbarara City. Metropolitan Journal of Academic Multidisciplinary Research, 4(2), 93–104.
Kilay, A. L., Simamora, B. H., & Putra, D. P. (2022). The Influence of E-Payment and E-Commerce Services on Supply Chain Performance: Implications of Open Innovation and Solutions for the Digitalization of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(3), 119. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8030119
Kim, L., Jindabot, T., & Yeo, S. F. (2024). Understanding customer loyalty in banking industry: A systematic review and metaanalysis. Heliyon, 10(17), e36619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36619
Kumar, P., & Mokha, A. K. (2022). Electronic Customer Relationship Management (E-CRM) and Customer Loyalty. International Journal of E-Business Research, 18(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJEBR.293292
Lantana, D. A., & Digdowiseiso, K. (2023). The Implementation of Machine Learning on MSMEs Product Sales in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review. International Journal of Economics, Management, Business, and Social Science (IJEMBIS), 3(3), 1069–1079.
Li, L., Yuan, L., & Tian, J. (2023). Influence of online E-commerce interaction on consumer satisfaction based on big data algorithm. Heliyon, 9(8), e18322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18322
Liu, T.-K., Chen, J.-R., Huang, C. C. J., & Yang, C.-H. (2013). E-commerce, R&D, and productivity: Firm-level evidence from Taiwan. Information Economics and Policy, 25(4), 272–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infoecopol.2013.07.001
Magatef, S., Al-Okaily, M., Ashour, L., & Abuhussein, T. (2023). The impact of electronic customer relationship management strategies on customer loyalty: A mediated model. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 9(4), 100149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2023.100149
Malki, D., Bellahcene, M., Latreche, H., Terbeche, M., & Chroqui, R. (2024). How social CRM and customer satisfaction affect customer loyalty. Spanish Journal of Marketing - ESIC, 28(4), 465–480. https://doi.org/10.1108/SJME-09-2022-0202
Maslichah, & Nur Diana. (2022). Connecting the dots: Linking technological, individual, organizational and environmental factors towards SMEs performance with the mediation role of e-commerce adoption. JEMA: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Akuntansi Dan Manajemen, 19(2), 175–198. https://doi.org/10.31106/jema.v19i2.18962
Mofokeng, T. E. (2021). The impact of online shopping attributes on customer satisfaction and loyalty: Moderating effects of e-commerce experience. Cogent Business & Management, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1968206
Naibaho, R., Effiyaldi, Nurhadi, Suratno, E., & Pasaribu, J. P. K. (2025). Adoption of Digital Technology and Sales Performance Improvement among Indonesian SMEs: A Mixed-Methods Analysis. Quantitative Economics and Management Studies (QEMS), 6(2), 206–218.
Nuralam, I. P., Yudiono, N., Fahmi, M. R. A., Yuliaji, E. S., & Hidayat, T. (2024). Perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and customer satisfaction as driving factors on repurchase intention: the perspective of the e-commerce market in Indonesia. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2413376
Nurdin, Stockdale, R., & Scheepers, H. (2012). Organizational Adaptation to Sustain Information Technology: The Case of E-Government in Developing Countries. Journal of E-Government, 10(1), 70–83.
Nursalim, C. P., Tannia, T., & Robert, A. (2025). Service Quality and Perceived Value Toward Customer Satisfaction in E-Commerce Delivery: The Role of Trust. International Journal of Applied Business and International Management, 10(1), 136–153. https://doi.org/10.32535/ijabim.v10i1.3741
Nyarko, B., Oppong Mensah, N., Boateng, K. A., & Donkor, A. (2022). Influences of E-commerce Adoption on Sales performance among Agrochemical Input Dealers in the Ghanaian City. Cogent Business & Management, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2038763
Paranti, D., Susanti, N., & Cempena, I. B. (2024). The Influence of Technological, Organizational, and Environmental (TOE) Factors on MSME Performance with E-Commerce Adoption as a Mediating Variable and Entrepreneurial Orientation as a Moderating Variable in Surabaya. International Journal of Economics, Management and Accounting (IJEMA), 2(3), 417–430. https://doi.org/10.47353/ijema.v2i3.182
Prakoso, F. A., Najmudin, N., Novandari, W., Karnowati, N. B., & Apriandi, D. W. (2023). The Effect Of Online Customer Experience, Product Quality, and Service Quality on SMEs Customer Loyalty. Journal of Business and Management Review, 4(5), 363–373. https://doi.org/10.47153/jbmr45.6952023
Purnamasari, I., & Suryandari, R. T. (2023). Effect of E-Service Quality on E-Repurchase Intention in Indonesia Online Shopping: E-Satisfaction and E-Trust as Mediation Variables. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 8(1), 155–161. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2023.8.1.1766
Rane, N. L., Achari, A., & Choudhary, S. P. (2023). Enhancing Customer Loyalty Through Quality Of Service: Effective Strategies To Improve Customer Satisfaction, Experience, Relationship, and Engagement. International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science. https://doi.org/10.56726/IRJMETS38104
Rita, P., Oliveira, T., & Farisa, A. (2019). The impact of e-service quality and customer satisfaction on customer behavior in online shopping. Heliyon, 5(10), e02690. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02690
Salah, O. H., & Ayyash, M. M. (2024). E-commerce adoption by SMEs and its effect on marketing performance: An extended of TOE framework with ai integration, innovation culture, and customer tech-savviness. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(1), 100183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2023.100183
Sharma, K. B. (2024). The Impact of E-Commerce on Operational Cost Efficiency in Modern Businesses. An International, Peer Reviewed, Open Access & Multidisciplinary Journal, 3(3), 56–62.
Singh, V., Sharma, M. P., Jayapriya, K., Kumar, B. K., Chander, A. R. N., & Kumar, B. R. (2023). Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty: A Comprehensive Literature Review. Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences, 3458–3464.
Suparjo, Yohana, C., & Akbar, M. (2020). The Effect of Integrity, Professionalism, and Innovation on Service Performance. Journal of Business and Behavioural Entrepreneurship, 4(1), 26–42. https://doi.org/10.21009/JOBBE.004.1.03
Suryani, U. (2025). The Effect of Digital Transformation on Company Performance and Customer Satisfaction in the Era of Technological Disruption. Journal of Finance and Business Digital, 4(1), 33–48. https://doi.org/10.55927/jfbd.v4i1.46
Suwanamas, C., Trimetsoontorn, J., & Fongsuwan, W. (2015). The effect of perceived service quality on customer emotions, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty: a PLS-SEM approach towards a luxury hotel in Bangkok, Thailand. J. for Global Business Advancement, 8(4), 374. https://doi.org/10.1504/JGBA.2015.074018
Tarutė, A., & Gatautis, R. (2014). ICT Impact on SMEs Performance. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 110, 1218–1225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.968
Wang, Z., Lin, S., Chen, Y., Lyulyov, O., & Pimonenko, T. (2023). Digitalization Effect on Business Performance: Role of Business Model Innovation. Sustainability, 15(11), 9020. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15119020
Wattoo, M. U., Du, J., Shahzad, F., & Kousar, S. (2025). Shaping E-commerce Experiences: Unraveling the Impact of Service Quality on Youth Customer Behavior in a Developing Nation. Sage Open, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241311786
Wibowo, F. A., Trisnawati, J. D., & Megawati, V. (2024). Effect of E-Commerce Innovation and E-Service Quality on Tokopedia Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty in Surabaya. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi (JURKAMI), 9(1), 12–22. https://doi.org/10.31932/jpe.v9i1.3065
Wijaya, L. I., Zunairoh, Z., Izharuddin, M., & Rianawati, A. (2025). Scope of E-Commerce use, innovation capability, and performance: Food sector MSMEs in Indonesia. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 11(1), 100459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100459
Yang, J., Zhang, X., Guo, X., Xiong, Q., Tamamine, T., & Lin, J. (2025). Digital transformation and enterprise performance: supply chain concentration and efficiency. Management Decision. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-11-2024-2548
Zhao-hui, L., Wei-min, Z., Zhong-yue, X., Jia-bin, S., & Dongdong, L. (2020). Research on Extended Carbon Emissions Accounting Method and Its Application in Sustainable Manufacturing. Procedia Manufacturing, 43, 175–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.02.132
Published
Dimensions Badge
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Applied Business Research

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Author’s Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by the stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
Copyright
The copyright is transferred to Publishers. As a condition of publication, the authors must grant the IJABR the right to distribute their manuscripts to the widest possible readership in online/electronic format. In this term, the corresponding author must fill out the Copyright Transfer Agreement that we have provided. If the article was jointly prepared by other authors, the signatory of this form warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this agreement.
User Rights
International Journal of Applied Business Research objective is to disseminate articles published are as free as possible. Under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0), this journal permits users to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) the work for any purpose, even commercially with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in IJABR. Users will also need to attribute authors and this journal to distributing works in the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in IJABR. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.







